Economic Capital
A Practitioner Guide

Risk adjusted return on capital (RAROC) and related methodologies have been around for 20 years. Development of the new Basle II guidelines for regulatory bank capital have spurred new interest in such techniques. The new catchword for all this is economic capital. The thinking is that new regulations are going to force managers to focus on capital, so they might as well base decisions on economic as opposed to the more crude regulatory metrics of capital. Besides, if banks are making the significant technology investments necessary to support Basle II, they might as well make the slight additional investment necessary to extend the same technology to support economic capital calculations as well.

 

This edited collection comprises fifteen chapters written by twenty authors. Together, they offer a broad survey of topics related to economic capital. Chapters are divided into three sections:

Economic Capital: Concepts and Applications

Economic Capital for Specific Risks

Economic Capital Methodologies: Mathematical Treatment

Chapters of the first section motivate the purpose of economic capital calculations and describe in a non-technical manner some challenges and possible solutions.

Chapters of the second section describe how to assign economic capital to specific risks. I doubt readers need a high-level overview of credit scoring, portfolio credit risk modeling or value-at-risk. There are excellent books on each of these subjects, so these chapters are probably the weakest contributions to the book.

Contents

ECONOMIC CAPITAL: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS

1. Background on Economic Capital

2. Volatility and Capital: Measures of Risk

3. Conceptual Framework for Economic Capital Models and Required Inputs

4. Recovery Risk and Economic Capital

5. The Significance of Economic Capital to Financial Institutions

ECONOMIC CAPITAL FOR SPECIFIC RISKS

6. Economic Capital for Retail Credit Card Portfolios

7. Economic Capital for Counterparty Credit Risk

8. Economic Capital for Securitizations

9. Economic Capital for Market Risk

10. Measuring and Calculating Economic Operational Risk Capital

ECONOMIC CAPITAL METHODOLOGIES: MATHEMATICAL TREATMENT

11. A Fundamental Look at Economic Capital and Risk-Based Profitability Measures

12. A Risk-Factor Model Foundation for Ratings-Based Bank Capital Rules

13. Allocating Portfolio Economic Capital to Sub-Portfolios

14. Spectral Capital Allocation

15. Evaluating Design Choices in Economic Capital Modelling: A Loss Function Approach

It is chapters of the third section that I like best. These are more mathematical, and they grapple with real-world challenges of implementing economic capital calculations. Topics include

how to determine a bank's required economic capital,

what risk-adjusted performance metric to use,

how to combine capital charges across businesses that may hedge or diversify each other.

Discussions and solutions are surprisingly sophisticated. As with many edited collections, there is little integration between chapters. Each one stands alone. There is some overlap, and also some gaps in the topics covered. I would describe the book as a reader on economic capital. There is a tremendous amount of information here that will appeal to practitioners and researchers. The first book anyone should read on the subject is Matten (2000). Very likely, this should be the second.

 

 

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