The Handbook of Financial Instruments

Consider this a companion to Fabozzi and Markowitz's (2002) definitive collection on investment management. While the other book mentions financial instruments as needed to support an in-depth discussion of the investment management process, this book mentions the investment management process as needed to support an in-depth discussion of the financial instruments available to US investors. It is an equally substantive and important volume.

 

Three introductory chapters cover essential concepts of investment management. Chapter 1 covers basic concepts, the debt-equity distinction, valuation, leverage, methods of financing positions, and derivative instruments. Chapter 2 formalizes the investment process. Setting objectives leads to establishment of an investment policy. That policy entails certain risks that must be identified. Portfolios are constructed to balance objectives against risks. Performance is assessed over time to facilitate modifications in strategy.

Chapter 3 explains how to calculate investment returns. Issues such as management fees and client contributions/withdrawals are addressed.

The rest of the book comprises 29 chapters taking a focused look at specific instruments. These comprise the "meat" of the book. See the table of contents. Chapters are written by experts in each category. They are well written and provide a comprehensive introduction to their respective topics.

Consider the chapter on emerging market debt (EMD). It is 34 pages long and is written by a team of three EMD specialists from UBS Asset Management. It segments the market by geography (South America, Africa, Eastern Europe, etc.) and by types of issue (Brady bonds, Eurobonds, local issues, etc.). Yield and pricing conventions for the market's unique structures are discussed. Risk measures, and especially spread duration, are explained. There is a discussion of return attribution. A detailed section describes sovereign credit analysis. Portfolio issues—expected returns, volatilities and correlations—are described, as are active management opportunities. There are plenty of tables and figures. One is a correlation matrix for the strip spreads of various countries' issues. Several track various issues' spreads over time. Others describe aspects of credit risk.

Contents

1. Overview of Financial Instruments

2. Fundamentals of Investing

3. Calculating Investment Returns

4. Common Stock

5. Sources of Information for Investing in Common Stock

6. Money Market Instruments

7. U.S. Treasury Securities

8. Inflation-Indexed Bonds

9. Federal Agency Securities

10. Municipal Securities

11. Corporate Bonds

12. Preferred Stock

13. Emerging Markets Debt

14. Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities

15. Nonagency MBS and Real Estate-Backed ABS

16. Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities

17. Non-Real Estate Asset-Backed Securities

18. Credit Card ABS

19. Leveraged Loans

20. Collateralized Debt Obligations

21. Investment Companies

22. Exchange-Traded Funds and Their Competitors

23. Stable-Value Pension Investments

24. Investment-Oriented Life Insurance

25. Hedge Funds

26. Private Equity

27. Real Estate Investment

28. Equity Derivatives

29. Interest Rate Derivatives

30. Mortgage Swaps

31. Credit Derivatives

32. Managed Futures

As another example, consider the chapter on investment oriented life insurance. This is 32 pages long, and is written by Frank Jones, Chief Investment Officer of Guardian Life. To understand life insurance products, you have to understand life insurance companies. The chapter starts by segmenting the insurance industry by types of companies. Focusing on life insurers, it distinguishes between stock and mutual companies. This is essential for understanding participating features of some products. It also distinguishes between general account and special account products. The special tax treatment of insurance products—in many cases, their raison d'etre—is also explained. With this firm foundation in place, the chapter is able to explain standard insurance products—whole life, variable life, fixed annuities, variable annuities, GIC's, etc.—in a more than cursory manner.

As a detailed overview or a handy reference, this is an outstanding text. It will find itself next to Fabozzi and Markowitz (2002) on many a practitioner's bookshelf.

 

 

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