Author Peter
Jackel doesn't seem to have much to say about Monte Carlo methods in
finance. Excluding the index, the book is just 210 pages long, and he
spends most of those pages seeming to "run out the clock."
Monte Carlo
methods are mentioned briefly in two opening chapters, but the author spends most
of those chapters on topics unrelated to the title of the book. He offers brief
descriptions of numerous probability distributions—Bernoulli, Poisson, gamma,
exponential, Cauchy, Student-t, Pareto ... One gets the impression he will be
using them all in later chapters, but he doesn't. He is simply listing
probability distributions. The highly technical Feynman-Kac theorem is
introduced, but it too isn't used for anything later in the book.
Chapters 3 through
6 discuss topics such as standard stochastic processes, correlation and related
metrics of co-dependence, and techniques to "recover" estimated covariance
matrices that are not positive semi-definite. Discussions tend to be cryptic,
needlessly technical and non rigorous. Also, Jackel doesn't tie them in well to
finance and the Monte Carlo method.
Chapters 8, 9 and 10 cover pseudorandom numbers,
low-discrepancy numbers, and non-uniform variates. Coverage of the topics is
spotty and at times quite frustrating. For example, Jackel proposes the use
of the logistic map to generate pseudorandom numbers. He then delves into an
elaborate discussion of this, mentioning chaos theory and presenting
graphs that I don't understand. Finally, he concludes that the resulting
generator has severe shortcomings that argue against its use—something
researchers concluded decades ago. Why did he even raise the subject? He briefly recommends several pseudorandom number generators. I happen to be
familiar with these generators. They might have been state-of-the-art 25 years
ago, but they are not today. Having spent pages describing the useless logistic
generator, the author declines to describe recommended generators, instructing
us to read the research papers ourselves.
Chapter 10 covers
variance reduction and related techniques. Some discussions are better than
others. A few are just hand waving. Brownian bridges and related techniques for
generating paths are covered, and their treatment is quite nice.
Contents
1. Introduction
2. The Mathematics Behind Monte Carlo
Methods
3. Stochastic Dynamics
4. Process-driven Sampling
5. Correlation and Co-movement
6. Salvaging a Linear Correlation
Matrix
7. Pseudo-random Numbers
8. Low-discrepancy Numbers
9. Non-uniform Variates
10. Variance Reduction Techniques
11. Greeks
12. Monte Carlo in the BGM/J Framework
13. Non-recombining Trees
14. Miscellanea
In
Chapter 11, we get our first financial application of the Monte Carlo
method—estimation of the Greek factor sensitivities. Then, in Chapter 12, we
finally turn to derivatives pricing. We are now at page 159 in the book. There
are 51 pages to go. Instead of developing the topic from basic principles,
Jackel devotes Chapter 12 to describing how to price Bermudan swaptions.
If you have a
pressing need to price Bermudan swaptions, you are going to be as happy as a pig
in mud at this point. If not, you will be skipping forward to Chapter 13—just 27
pages left in the book—to read about non-recombining trees in a primarily fixed
income context. Chapter 14 discusses
miscellaneous topics: interpolation of term structures, CPU usage, etc. Then the
book is over.
In summary, this
book covers a sampling of topics. Not all are related well to the use of Monte
Carlo methods in finance. The book is not particularly advanced, but it is
needlessly technical at points. It is not easy to read.
I think anyone
interested in Monte Carlo methods and finance might want to flip through this
book. A lot of topics are touched on, and even experienced professionals will
learn some things they didn't know. As a unified treatment of the subject, the
book falls flat. If you are looking for a solid introduction to Monte Carlo
methods (and especially variance reduction), there are
better introductions.
If you are interested in the use of Monte Carlo methods in financial engineering,
this book doesn't compare to Glasserman's (2003)
excellent treatise. For use of the Monte Carlo method in value-at-risk, see
Holton (2003). For its
use in credit risk modeling, see Arvanitis and Gregory (2002).